Japan Bombs Was It Necessary - 1188 Words

Ryan Nguyen Arr. 5 Japan Bombs: Was it necessary? In August of 1945, the US dropped one of the deadliest weapons ever made onto Hiroshima and Nagasaki, it was a barbarous and inhumane thing to do to another country. Even though the US believed that by dropping the bomb, World War II would be over, it was not necessary because Japan had already tried to negotiate peacefully and its military was already collapsing during that time. The consequences of the atomic bomb were stunning. According to the US, 60,000 to 80,000 people were instantly killed when the bomb hit Hiroshima. The people that were killed were either Korean, Japanese, or American prisoners. The total number of people died was around 135,000. Many more people died†¦show more content†¦The city was in a chaos and unlikely to be recovered. These atomic bombs were not only killing the people during that time period, but also killing the future generation. If a person was standing within 2 miles from the detonation, it will likely b e an immediate death for that person. Anyone who stands further would likely get the atomic radiation. If one gets atomic radiation, one will either die or suffer painful diseases. The atomic bomb also left behind an environmental disaster, black rain. This rain was sticky, dark, and extremely dangerous. Not only that, it will infect through the skin, breathing will also cause poisoning. To sum up, the atomic bomb consequences were disastrous. Not to mention, the cost to rebuild the city, this action was totally barbaric, and there were no needs of using this destructive weapon. Before the bombs were dropped, Japan was already under US domination. They started to block airways and naval ways. Without these transportations, they were totally cut out of the outside world. The US left Japan without any supplies from the alliance. In a common sense, if two countries are at war, and one of them doesn’t get supplies, it is most likely that the one without supplies would not survive. After the blockade, the US started to attack the city. Their first suspicious appearance was November 1, 1944 in Tokyo. They flew a B-29 Superfortress in a high distance through Tokyo. No bombs were dropped, so

The Programs Juvenile Intervention Program - 1323 Words

It is said that our society influences they we grow up, our social and community conditions as well as our interactions with others influence our behavior. Growing up in low class neighborhoods that are more likely to be affected by crime often allows youth to follow a path toward criminal behavior rather than it being of random behavior. In this paper I will discuss two programs Juvenile Intervention Program (JIP) and the S.H.O.C.K program these programs where created to help young adults make better decisions with their lives and show them that the path that they are on come with consequences. In 2001 San Bernardino County community leaders created the Juvenile Intervention Program (J.I.P) to show troubled youth the reality of†¦show more content†¦Along with the J.I.P program it was designed to combat negative influences that today’s youth face, like teenage pregnancy, drugs and gangs are so many the many influences this program tackles. Both the Juvenile Intervention Program and the S.H.O.C.K program hope for the same outcome when it comes it helping these young adults make better decisions. Their goals are one in the same to assist young adults that are on the verge or heading down the wrong path, for example, youth that has problems with continuous disruption in the classroom, or experimenting with alcohol, drugs, and are being influenced by gangs. These programs were designed to address criminal and/or redirect negative behavior, increase understanding and awareness of the criminal justice system, and emphasize the legal consequences of violating the law Participation from both the juvenile and the parent and/or legal guardian is key to making this program not only work for the child but also help the parent deal with the negative influences that society shows their child. Even though the programs have similar outcomes they both have very different requirements to be able to participate. In order to participate in the S.H.O.C.K program, juvenile must be between the ages of 12-17, be a resident of the county, attend school within the county, not on probation or in placement, have a parent or legal guardian

The Benefits Of Fitness In The Workplace Free Essays

Tit care costs over the past decade; from 2002 to 2008, the return was $2. 71 for every dollar sped NT. A corporate wellness program is an employer-sponsored program designed to support employees as they adopt and sustain behaviors that reduce health risks, improve quality of life, and enhance personal effectiveness. We will write a custom essay sample on The Benefits Of Fitness In The Workplace or any similar topic only for you Order Now A key component of the wellness program is sponsoring a fitness center in or near the workplace. Studies show that a regular regime of exercise for the employee will lower health care costs, absenteeism, and workplace stress. Productivity increases as the worker can operate more efficiently. Happy and healthy employees are more focused, dedicated, and productive while at work. While providing employees with nutrition education, employer s can take a preventative approach to the health of their staff. This preventative practice o f health care benefits the employer as well as the employee by preventing chronic diseases through proper diet and exercise. This increases the employee’s physical and mental health, make Eng a more productive employee. The more productive the employee, the more successful lull the business. In Duran 2 order for this approach to succeed, businesses would require employees to p eradicate in at least one form of exercise provided by the company. The company would need to establish a fitness center ideal for increasing heart rates and challenging muscles. The difficulty of staying healthy in today’s society has become overwhelming t o the fulfillment worker. Many jobs require long periods of sitting or standing, thereby creating weak and strained muscles. Work takes up a majority of the day, preventing people from squeezing in a full work Out. Having a fitness center at or near the workplace allows employ yes to conveniently improve their mental and physical health without the stress of a overloaded schedule. A company’s wellness center should support a wide range of exercise sees for a diverse group of employees with different fitness goals. Cardiovascular exercise is pr oven to improve the condition of the heart, while lifting weights builds muscles to support a strong err body and promotes joint function. Rotating exercises each day, business could organize runs, walks, and bike rides during work hours for their staff. Yoga classes offered before work help stretch and awaken the employees, giving them better focus and concentration. To count err the midday slump any jobholders experience after a hard morning at work, employers could r fresh their employees with an afternoon session of strength training to work the muscles that have been cramped from sitting or standing for long periods of time. An hour break woo old be enough time to improve the productivity of an employee if utilized correctly. An effective BRB cake from work would include a cardiovascular exercise with moderate resistance to challenge e and increase the heart rate. Another benefit of corporate wellness is a stronger relationship between cow errors. The time spent in the gym and outside running or biking with employees allows the m to bond, Duran 3 creating trust and understanding. The more an employee can trust and relate to his or her coworker, the better they can work together. Living a healthy lifestyle with diet and exercise is a desirable benefit offered b company. Joanne McFadden, an American City Business Journal writer, stated, (1 benefits of exercise are welkin and irrefutable, and an onsite fitness center is an at attractive benefit for employees. The health of the American workforce has been declining, reducing productive TTY and company earnings. An unhealthy employee costs more to cover than a health y employee. However, the need for health care is greater than ever. (2) More than 133 mill ion Americans, have at least one chronic condition. Providing healthcare to more than 1 33 mi Lion American requires a large amount of money. ( 3)According to the Centers for Disease C intro (CDC), chronic disease requires 75% of the health care spending budget. 5)Premium s for multiprocessors health insurance have risen from $5,791 in 1999 to $13,3 75 in 2009 (a 131 % increase), with the amount paid by workers rising by 128%. Employers c loud have a significant impact on the health care system just by improving the health of the IR employees. (4)Obesity is one of the root causes of chronic disease, accounting for nearly 1 0% of the amount that the U. S. Spends annually on healthcare. Obesity is preventable as well as reversible. Living a healthy lifestyle includes working in an environment that encourages physical wellness. Reducing stress and increasing productivity encourage healthier weight man segment. The benefits are not only for the employee but also for the employer. The financial I benefits a company receives from a healthy employee include reduced cost in health car e spending. The employee will cost less to cover if the worker is maintaining or improving his or her overall Duran 4 condition. (6)A recent study shows that if individuals adhere to healthy lifestyle e practices such as maintaining a healthy weight, eating well, exercising regularly, and avoiding to sins, chronic disease could be reduced by as much as 80%. The price of an unhealthy ample eye takes a toll on the financial success of a company as well as the overall health care system. Businesses are beginning to provide employees with tools they need to cache eve a healthier lifestyle. (7) â€Å"Two years ago, Trust Company of Illinois started a well as program. The company’s thirty employees underwent biometric screening-?tests of r blood pressure, glucose and cholesterol. Workplace wellness helps curb health care costs, term 01 levels and other important measures. ‘It was really an eye-opening exercise,’ says Debbie Greg rash, SCOFF at the Downers Aggravated company. It turned on the lightly for people. ‘ â€Å"The company went a step further last year. Workplace wellness consultant C thy Leman, who runs Glen Lambasted Nutrient Inc. , was hired to conduct a seminal r on walking. Workers got pedometers for a walking contest. Other wellness events were added this year, including seminars and healthy c joking demonstrations, and more sessions are scheduled for 2013. ‘We are still in the e infancy stages of our program,’ notes Ms. Gregorian, who can’t quantify the savings yet. † â€Å"Overall, the cost benefits of worker wellness are becoming apparent. A 201 0 study in the journal Health Affairs showed that every dollar spent on wellness program ms reduced corporate medical costs by $3. 27 and cut absenteeism costs by $2. 73. An Jug just survey by the National Business Group on Health found that 61 % of firms found wellness in titivates to be one f the three most effective tools to keep down healthcare costs. A 201 0 study in the American Duran 5 Journal of Health Promotion showed that workers highly engaged in a wellness s program have fewer hospital admissions, shorter hospital stays and lower overall costs. The negative aspect of providing an in office wellness center is the budget. The e cost of a wellness center in an office will vary depending on the equipment; however, c costly machines are not necessarily the most effective method of working out. Free weights are an inexpensive way to perform a variety of exercises in any environment. Jumping rope and ruin Eng the stairs are common and effective cardiovascular exercises. Th e amount of body weight e exercises that can be done in a variety Of places is more than enough to fill an hour long workout t. Providing an affordable fitness center for the employees is achievable by using the surround ding space, going outside, and including free weights as well as using body)weight to work out. Many employees seeking weight loss as a wellness goal will have more of an I incentive to go to work if exercising is included in the workplace. By creating a more desire able work space, equines see a decrease in absences and late arrivals. Providing employees WI the motivation to go to work increases attendance and performance. Educating unhealthy employ sees and giving them the opportunities to improve their physical condition in the workplace is a des arable benefit that all businesses should offer. By providing employees with a wellness center, the employer will create a MO re efficient worker. The stressful tasks of a workday can be approached with more energy y and productivity through a healthy diet and exercise routine provided by the company. The me player benefits ancillary, while the employee benefits both mentally and physically from exe rising in the workplace. How to cite The Benefits Of Fitness In The Workplace, Papers

Macbeth And Hamlet Tragedy Essay Example For Students

Macbeth And Hamlet Tragedy Essay The Tragedies of Macbeth and HamletMacbeth is a Shakespearean tale about a confused Scottish noble that does not know how to utilize his ambition. He succumbs to temptation, which is partly supplied by his wife, and he kills to get the position of king. Hamlet, on the other hand, is another Shakespearean masterpiece that deals with a torn prince of Denmark that has to deal with the untimely death of his father. Hamlet and Macbeth are similar in many ways, and reveal many sides of the human heart through their dynamically dramatic plots. Both of these works deal with great inner conflict in the main character. Macbeth cannot decide whether or not to kill Duncan, who is the king of Scotland. He sees an imaginary dagger floating in front of him that is a figment of his imagination, which portrays how much he is lamenting over the act of genocide. He finally commits the murder, and gets the position that he longs for. The main conflict that Hamlet has to deal with, portrayed by his fated To be or not to be? speech, is how to deal with the suspicious death of his father by suffering the ills of this world or taking resolute action against them. Both stories carry with a great amount of deceit. With Macbeth, the witches explain that no one born of a woman will ever kill him. Macduff, his slayer, was born by a Cesarean section. Of all the things that the witches tell him, all are true, but are spoken in confusing riddles that are misleading. The witches trick him into believing that he and his descendants will rule the land forever. Hamlets father is killed by his uncle, which is revealed at the end. Hamlet is tricked into going to England where his uncle orders him to be executed, but Hamlet is clever enough to get out of that predicament. Each of these tales deals with many tragic deaths. Macbeth is killed in the end for the folly of having misdirected ambition. Lady Macbeth is also killed, and Macduffs family is senselessly wiped out simply for Macbeths conquest. King Duncan is murdered so that Macbeth can acquire his position as king. In Hamlet, the prince is slain by a poisoned sword blade. His father is the victim of a power hungry uncle. A poisonous drink meant for Hamlet senselessly kills Hamlets mother. Ophelia, Macbeths girlfriend, goes insane and commits suicide because of the events that take place through the harrowing plot of this work. As it is plain to see, these are extremely dynamic literatures. The two have a few differences, but mostly have points that are common. The inner conflict, deceit, and tragic deaths that compose the stories spur the tales on and add immeasurably to the plot. These three core elements drive each story to its moral and never let up. Without one of these included in each, the story line would suffer greatly and not have the impact that each does. English Essays

Neptune Essays - Neptune, Proteus, Triton, Natural Satellite

Neptune Andrea Rhodes P.1 11/5/01 NEPTUNE I have been selected as one of five people to go on a mission to Neptune; we are to attempt to gather rock samples from two moons, Triton and the very irregular shaped moon Proteus. We also must gather samples from, the rings of Neptune and we need to gather readings on the three major storms on Neptune (the small dark spot, the great dark spot and scooter. Its December 30, 2007 and we took off today. With new technology we should reach Triton on August 2, 2008. Take off was fairly rough but once we got out of the atmosphere it was smooth and beautiful. We were given enough rations to last nearly four years. The next nineteen months we will be preparing all the necessary items for the arrival at Triton, and making sure navigation is precise. Its August 3, 2008 and weve started gathering the rocks from Triton our long journey is nearing the half waypoint. In our travel to Triton we experience some navigation trouble due to the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. We had to do some reconfiguring but we managed to make it here on schedule in a few days we should be heading towards Proteus to gather rock and other samples from there. Its now November 15, 2008 and we are orbiting Neptune its the one of the greatest sites Ive ever seen. With its diameter of 49528kms and a mass of1.02x10^26kg,its absolutely enormous its practically unfathomable. I have seen the three storms and they are immense in size, the great dark spot is near the same diameter as the earth. The most stunning part of Neptune is its rings. There are five distinct rings and one of the rings is twisted. Today November 20, 2008 we launched three probes to descend in to the great dark spot to gather information. We are planning to send down three more 2 for the small great spot and one in scooter. After we have gathered information and observations, we will gather some ring samples we got permission for. Due to the fact that little is know about the composition of Neptunes rings NASA like us to do research on the various rings. Its now December30, 2008. One year ago we started this voyage and now we will start our trip home. After this long journey we have learned that Triton gets its pink color from a slowly evaporating layer of nitrogen ice, that Proteuss shape is due to impact cratering, the composition of Neptunes rings and that the three storms are like huge hurricanes the small dark spot rotates clock wise the large dark sport rotates counter clockwise and scooter has strong east ward winds. Bibliography Bibliography 1. http://pds.jpl.nasa.gov/planets/welcome/neptune 2. http://www.seds.org/billa/tnp/neptune.html 3. Websters illustrated encyclopedic dictionary published by Tormont publications Inc. 1990. pg 1138. Science Essays

Converting Angstroms to Nanometers Example Problem

Converting Angstroms to Nanometers Example Problem This example problem demonstrates how to convert angstroms to nanometers. Angstroms (Ã…) and nanometers (nm) are both linear measurements used to express extremely small distances. Problem The spectra of the element mercury have a bright green line with a wavelength of 5460.47 Ã…. What is the wavelength of this light in nanometers? Solution 1 Ã… 10-10 m1 nm 10-9 mSet up the conversion so the desired unit will be canceled out. In this case, we want nanometers to be the remaining unit.wavelength in nm (wavelength in Ã…) x (10-10 m/1 Ã…) x (1 nm/10-9 m)wavelength in nm (wavelength in Ã…) x (10-10/10-9 nm/Ã…)wavelength in nm (wavelength in Ã…) x (10-1) nm/Ã…)wavelength in nm (5460.47/10) nmwavelength in nm 546.047 nm​ Answer The green line in mercurys  spectra has a wavelength of 546.047 nm. It may be easier to remember there are 10 angstroms in 1 nanometer. This would mean that 1 angstrom is a tenth of a nanometer and a conversion from angstroms to nanometers would mean moving the decimal place one position to the left. Remember to check your significant figures when reporting measurements. In science, even if you do the calculation correctly, your answer is technically incorrect if not reported using significant digits.

Reagan Revolution through President Obama Research Paper

Reagan Revolution through President Obama - Research Paper Example Regan’s deregulation movement saw privatization of transport and industrial sectors which benefit Americans to date. On current matters, the nation's decision to go to war with Afghanistan and Iraq after the 9/11 attacks was based on allegations by the Bush administration which did not receive support from the international community. Reagan Revolution through President Obama In his farewell speech, Ronald Regan talked of his experience as the United States president and how revolutionary those years were; hence the term Regan Revolution. His revolution has been on numerous debates with conservatives seeing him as a hero while liberals still complain about what he ruined and what he changed. Nonetheless, his legacy shaped and is still shaping American politics, culture, economics and diplomacy. All US presidents after Regan have looked up to his model of presidential leadership. During one of his democratic campaigns in Nevada in 2008, current president, Barrack Obama recogniz ed the achievements of the Regan revolution. This is a clear indication that Obama contemplated on following Regan’s footsteps in bringing change to America (Troy, 2004). This paper discusses how president Obama brought about the Regan revolution. ... Fourthly, giving examples, the paper explains how the deregulation movement of the Reagan era affects Americans today. Lastly, it discusses the reasons behind the nation's decision to go to war with Afghanistan and Iraq, after the 9/11 attacks, as well as the response from the international community. Discussion There were significant historical turning points that occurred during the Regan regime. One is the privatization of companies and groups to provide services previously offered by the government. This was advantageous in that it reduced the governments’ size and direct influence in society. This also reduced expenses and bureaucracy in these aspects since private firms provide services at lower operational costs and increased efficiency than government agencies. The other historic turning point was the rebuilding of the weak military. Rebuilding of the military provided security for its people and made US a reliable ally and a superpower that can neutralize the Soviet a ggression and expansion (Troy, 2004). The AIDS epidemic was detected in the US in 1981 (Troy, 2004). Politicians did not respond to it and further associated it with homosexuals who they felt could be ignored. In 1981 Center for Disease Control published the first official document of the disease, but the government chose to ignore it and offered no support to the public. Medical breakthroughs occurred between 1986 and 1987, but people were frustrated over the length of time it took to improve access. Even with the availability of the drugs they were still not affordable. Signing of the HIV/AIDS Treatment Extension Act of October 2009 brought an improvement in the quality and availability of care, especially to the

HOUSING MANAGEMENT & MAINTENANCE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

HOUSING MANAGEMENT & MAINTENANCE - Essay Example l as the community is being managed by other members of the community who are responsible for administering the building and resolving its salient issues such as planned and unplanned maintenance. Generally the chosen building displays full occupancy all year around with most people belonging to the working class residing. Meanwhile some residents are part time students as well as part time workers (for gas stations, super store, take away and the like). The building is a typical skyscraper built along the beams and columns design principles. The entire building is composed of beams and columns that have been created using concrete as well as steel. Steel cages have been intertwined with poured cement in order to create the beams and columns. The floors have been constructed similarly although the composition of the steel frameworks or cages is far denser in the floors than in the beams and the columns. A few places in the building are also reinforced using structural steel although it is not highly visible. Adequate cladding in these areas ensures that the structural steel is not totally visible although some structural steel can be seen due to damaged cladding. The beams and columns are relied on to create different apartments such that all apartments have access to some form of ventilation in the shape of windows that are exposed to the outside environment. The matrix like structure created through the use of beams and columns is such that apartments exist on all the exposed faces of the building while hallways exist in their middle to provide access to the apartments. Within each typical apartment the external windows are all created using glass. These windows may stretch for entire man height in some areas while in others they are restricted to between 1.5 feet and 3 feet. The internals of the apartments are all done in concrete such as the beams and columns and the floors and roofs. The external shells of the apartments (the walls mostly) are done with

How to play soccer Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How to play soccer - Essay Example There are many ways to hit the ball; one can acquire any style feasible to him for hitting. Positions on a soccer field holds significant importance for a player. Choosing a position in soccer is important because you need to know what to do and how to do it. Playing soccer is not just about hitting the ball, is about choosing the position you want to play. Different positions in soccer offer various roles to hit the target behind the opponent goal line. The first position is goalie, in it you can’t let the ball cross the goalie line; if one does the game is considered as lost. Second position is defense, one need to stop opponents from reaching goal line, one need to keep the rivals as far as from goalie. The next position is a midfield and it also plays an important role. Midfielders help the defense players when it is required and they also workout the attack strategy for the defense players to get thee ball and hit a score. In the Midfield position one needs to be actively involved in quick decision making and acting upon them. If the midfielders are called the brain of the play that would likely suit them. Their main aim is to either acquire the ball or to build pressure on the opponent team. The last but not the least are the forward players their only job is to score a goal for the team. It demands a lot of skill. They work opposite to the defense players of the other team. Every game must follow rules to make it a fair square game. Soccer also has rules t for both teams. The first rule is the duration of the match, where one needs to play two halftimes of 45 minutes with a break of 15 minutes in between. The second rules is a free kick or penalty, this rule applies when one kicks, trips ,jumps, strikes, pushes or tackles an opponent intentionally. The last rule is, if one hits or pushes a player he will get a preventive yellow card. If a player gets two yellow cards that would be considered as one red card and the player would be out of the

Group Excluded from International Human Rights

Group Excluded from International Human Rights Human Rights Human rights, as explained by the great English philosopher and thinker John Locke, are natural and unalienable rights (life, liberty, and property) inherent to all human beings, whatever our nationality, sex, color, religion or language. All men are created equal, everyone is entitled to the human rights without any discrimination. Most human rights are guaranteed by the Constitution, state laws, and international treaties. International human rights law promotes and protects human rights by laying certain pressure upon governments. But even though there are many laws created to protect everyones human rights, certain people are being excluded from their rights by different levels of government, such as the poor homeless whose liberty is limited by the state government, Zapatistas whose life and property is taken by the Mexican National Government, and French Muslims whose freedom of religion is violated by the French National Government. Los Angeles is once a beautiful and luxurious heaven. But now Los Angeles state government is fighting war, a war with its own citizens living inside the state. Fortress Los Angeles: The Militarization of Urban Space (Davis, 1), this is the title Davis gave to his research paper, but it is also his feeling toward the state of Los Angeles. Everywhere in the city is the frontline of war. Stop building toilets, special designed bus benches, fancy garbage to protect fishheads and stale French fires, and outdoor sprinklers, those are all policy decision made by the government to fight the citys war on the poor homeless. They tried their best to eliminate or remove homeless from the city by violating the human rights that homeless should be entitled to. But while the government is violating the human rights, they claim that they are promoting human rights by protecting people from danger, but they exclude homeless from the definition of word people. Collective human rights, those are what government is claiming about. They always try to protect majoritys rights by excluding certain peoples human rights. Rights and Human Rights, huge differences, but government never recognizes it, they just called them human rights regardless of the differences. They make the policy that will discriminate and deny the liberty of homeless to protect majority from possible danger. The government should not define homeless as dangerous just because some homeless people are dangerous and harmful. For public-housing tenants and inhabitants of narcotic-enforcement zones, the loss of freedom is the price of security (Davis, 6) As stated by the author Mike Davis, one of the three primary human rights, liberty is taken by the government from the homeless to ensure other peoples safety from possible danger, this should not be called collective human rights, but the power of government to protect people who make profit for the government. Similarly, people, especially children, in Central and S outh America are excluded from the protection of human rights imposed by the law. Their organs will be taken without their permission and sold to other rich countries, leave them with a horrible body for the rest of their life. The organ-stealing stories were told, remembered, and circulated because they were true at that indeterminate level between the real, the surreal and the uncanny (Scheper-Hughes, 36) Even though organ stealing is so wide spread and known by everyone, Government never tried to stop it, or maybe it is even promoting it to make profit. So it is clear that poor homeless is excluded totally from the protection of government for their human rights, even if the constitution, and international laws expressly guarantee everyone will be treated equally by the government. Only liberty is taken by the state government from homeless, but in some area even life and property is taken by the national government. On New Years Day, 1994, Zapatista rebels in Chiapas, Mexico, confronted the Mexican government with demands for basic human rights (Messer, 319). That is the start of the revolution inside the border of Mexico and the reason why Zapatistas fight against the Mexican government. People in Chiapas were discriminated against, their only property, land is also taken by the government. With nothing to lose, they started revolution, and created a border within the Mexican border. In the video, a place called Chiapas, the life of Chiapas people was presented. They were poor before revolution, but with the land they own, they can still live. But the Mexican government took the land from them to develop modern cities which cause Chiapas people to be abused by riches. Again, it is the problem of collective human rights conflicting with individual human rights. This time national government claims that they are protecting the benefit and rights of people inside Chiapas while taking away everythi ng they own and force people there to become terrorists. Maybe war is not a right choice, but it is Chiapas peoples only choice. Without revolution, they are all going to die due to the poor condition there. Collective Human Rights, as claimed by the national government, is just a joke. Without individual human rights, no collective human rights can be achieved. Without those lands, all Chiapas people are going to hunger to die, then what would be the use of collective human rights toward the dead people? Life, liberty and property, only those three primary human rights being protected well, then other things can be done by the government. Similar conditions occur in the process of progress. People and place which are being progressed have lost many. People would lose the right to their every day practice because the land is taken by the government. They are forced to change their diet which causes new diseases to appear in the local places, and reduce the health condition of the lo cal people. Overall, the available data seem to indicate that the dietary changes that are linked to involvement in the world-market economy have tended to lower rather than raise the nutritional levels of the affected tribal peoples (Bodley, 3) Progress is great thing, but with great prices. Freedom of choosing food and life of local people are taken during the process of progress. So individual rights should be considered first, and then collective rights can be done. So again, even though the international treaties lay down the obligation of protecting everyones human rights upon governments, some people are excluded from them because of collective human rights. Similar problem, but different salutation has occurred in France, this time it involves freedom of religion. Muslims in the France is always treated different, not only because of their religion, but also because of their dressing. So French government created laws that banned any Muslims to wear headscarves that have religious meanings. The reasons French government gave for this law is that For many non-Muslim French, they (headscarves) represent multiple dangers to the Republic: the oppression of women, urban violence, international terrorism, and the general refusal of Muslim immigrants to integrate into the broader society (Bowen, 31). So this seems to be a problem about collective human rights and individual human rights, but is it? It is not. A republic can exist with symbols of different religion. Freedom of religion, this should be guaranteed by any kind of republic. So this time there is no collective human rights involving at all. It is purely that French government taking away rights from Muslims without any legitimate reason. Liberty, one of the three primary human rights is vi olated by the French government. Not only that, the law they make actually may create diversity inside the nation since only Muslims are treated differently by the government. So with all those violations, Muslims in French are forced to change their way of life. They stop going to Mosques and practicing their religious activities. While all those rights are being violated, French government is still claiming they are promoting rights of the citizen living inside the republic. France is now outlawing Muslims and treats Muslims not as citizens of France, but a group of people who may cause diversity and terrorism inside France. French Republic is the official name of France, but is it a true republic? Before French government stop outlawing certain group of people inside the nation, France is never a true republic. So again individual human rights should always be the primary thing any government should think about before imposing laws or making decision. But there are always some pl aces where law cannot reach, thus create exclusion or discrimination. Bill of Rights are the first ten amendments of constitution created as the supreme law of the land to protect human rights in U.S. and other countries have similar laws. Above all, international human rights law is created to ensure everyones rights in the whole world. But it only lays down the obligation upon the government, if government will not enforce it, then human rights of people will not be protected. French Muslims, Zapatistas, and urban homeless are the examples of government exclusion. So even though every government claim that everyone will be treated equally and everyones human rights will be protected by the government, some people are not under the protection of government and suffering. Work Cited Bodley, John. The Price of Progress. Victims of Progress 1998, 137-151 Bowen, John. Muslims and Citizens. Boston Review Feb/Mar. 2004: 31-35. Davis, Mike. Fortress Los Angeles: The Militarization of Urban Space. City of Quartz, Fortress LA Messer, Ellen. Anthropologists in a World with and without Human Rights. Exotic No More: Anthropology on the Front Lines. Ed. Jeremy MacClancy. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2002. 319-337 Scheper-Hughes. Nancy. Min(d)ing the Body: On the Trail of Organ-Stealing Rumors. Exotic No More: Anthropology on the Front Lines. Ed. Jeremy MacClancy. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2002. 33-63 A Place Called Chiapas. 2006. online video clip. Google Video. Accessed on 05 December, 2009.

Challenges Facing AIDS Activism in America :: Exploratory Essays Research Papers

Challenges Facing AIDS Activism in America Even before HIV/AIDS first showed up in the United States in 1980-1981, homosexuals were greatly stigmatized within American society. The homophobia that already existed was only exacerbated by the fact that the overwhelming majority of those diagnosed with HIV/AIDS during the first few years of the epidemic were homosexual males (so much so in fact that AIDS was originally called the "Gay-Related Immuno Deficiency"). The US male homosexual population found itself confronted with a national epidemic that was receiving zero national attention. The political activism of the gay male population in the 1980s and early 1990s made significant progress towards educating American society about limiting the risk of disease transmission through safe-sex practices and clean-needle exchanges, combating discrimination of people with AIDS (PWAs) and homosexuals, and ensuring that adequate health care was provided for PWAs. But now it seems that the fight against AIDS is right back where it began. Homosexuals no longer account for the highest rate of new HIV/AIDS infections, and as a result, the urgency of their political activism has subsided. The population in which the vast majority of new HIV/AIDS infections occurs is the poor minority population, a highly stigmatized sector of American society. Once again, the AIDS epidemic is receiving zero national attention because those most affected are not a part of the national dialogue. Whereas male homosexuals found themselves in positions of power and wealth in the first decade of the epidemic, this "new face" of AIDS has little in terms of financial and political resources. It is up to other AIDS activists to lend their voice and political weight to advocate for the welfare of these impoverished minorities. Even before AIDS surfaced the US gay male population had experience in grass-roots political activism from the sexual revolution of the 1970s, and just as the first rumors of a "gay cancer" were circulating in San Francisco and New York, the Gay Men's Health Crisis (GMHC) was formed in January 1982 to "provide compassionate care to New Yorkers with AIDS, educate to keep people healthy, and advocate for fair and effective public policies" (GMHC 1). AIDS first came into the public eye in 1985 when Rock Hudson, a famous 1960s Hollywood actor, publicly admitted to having AIDS and subsequently died later that year. But after five years of unsuccessful lobbying, AIDS was still perceived as a gay men's health crisis and not an american (or international) health crisis.

Chooks to Go Marketing Plan Essay

Executive Summary Chooks to Go oven roasted chicken is the trade name under Bounty Agro Ventures Inc. a conglomerate of the Bounty Fresh Group of Companies with more than 1,100 rotisserie outlets nationwide, is aiming to increase its sales in the province of Misamiz Occidental by 10% this year. The company is outsourcing its workforce in the ir Chooks to Go outlets so that the company will be hands off in any legal claims. However, they still assure that the Chooks to Go crews will have the wages and benefits they deserve . The company is also abiding the National Building Code of the Phillipines in building their Chooks to Go stores. This is to ensure the safety of the public. The Bounty group is rapidly expanding its Chooks to Go stores nationwide . This is due to the confidence they have gain in the economy as it had achieved 7.3% economic growth last 2010 and expected to be better this year. Denizens nowadays are more into healthy living that’s why the Bounty Group ensures that Chooks to Go provides the customers a guaranteed safe, cl ean and a high standard preparation for chicken and when it comes to technological advantage the company continuously invest in Research and Development to be able to cater the consuming public the best service and product s they deserve. The company also uses various technologies in preparing its products and high end chemicals in cleaning its equipment. On the side of the micro-environment, it has been noted that the population of the province had increased from 91,410 to 112,650 from years 1995 to 2007 b ase on the statistical data presented by NSO on their website as of July 2011. This significantly means that the potential customers of Chooks to Go is also increasing. On the other hand base on that data given, Class A potential customers are in 20.75%, C lass B are in 18.74%, Class C potential customers are in 28.67% and the Class D are in 31.84%. The competitors of Chooks to Go roasted chicken in the province are Sr. Pedro Lechon Manok, Ogis Lechon Manok, Botoy’s Lechon Manok and other local roasted chicken operators. The competitions forces in the province are in moderate level. The strength of the company is that they manufacture their own products, they operate their own broiler farms, feed mills and processing plants thus they have the sufficient supply for the increasing demand of the public. There is a good opportunity now for the company of having a product line that would be infused with essential vitamins and nutrients because people loves to eat healthy foods, thus making chicken healthier will boosts sales for the company. However on the other hand, the company is not free from any threat of poultry diseases like Bird Flu that cause to disable the industry’s operation and making sales to rapidly decline. The Chooks to Go roasted chicken is pri ced at P 149, 155, and 165 pesos depending on the sizes. Available sizes are Regular size, Bigtime size and Supersize which comes in three different flavors, Sweet Roast, Hot and Spicy, and Pepper Roast. All this roasted chicken are available in all Chooks to Go rotisserie stores. Chooks to Go will be advertise on FM radio stations here in Ozamiz City and will run for a year. Chooks to Go will also engage in Community Development activities here in the province to encourage youth to engage in sports rather than in illegal activities. Chooks to Go will be continuously differentiated from its competitors to be the only oven roasted chicken na â€Å" Masarap Kahit Walang Sauce†. And because of all the efforts in marketing Chooks to Go , it will contribute a 10% increase in the company’s sales this year. Aside from that Chooks to Go will be popular not only as oven roasted chicken that is delicious even without sauce but as a brand that participated in society where it operates. II. Marketing Goal Chooks to go is the only ORC that position itself to be the only roasted chicken na â€Å"Masarap Kahit Walang sauce†. Chooks to Go that invades the country by storm last 2008 and now have more than 1,100 outlets nationwide is now aiming to increase its sales and market share in Misamis Occidental by 10% this year. III. Environmental Scanning PEST Analysis Political and Legal Environment The rotisserie crew of chooks to go is under an agency which is the one responsible for their wages and benefits, however Bounty fresh ensures that the outlets workforce get the wages and benefits they deserve. E.g Minimum wage pe r region Bounty Fresh also ensures that every Chooks to Go outlets abides the National Building Code of the Philippines which is the policy of the state to safeguard life, health, property, and public welfare, consistent with the principles of environment al management and control; and to this end, make it the purpose of this Code to provide for all buildings and structured, a framework of minimum standards and requirements by guiding, regulating, and controlling their location, siting, design, quality of m aterials, construction, use, occupancy, and maintenance, including their environment, utilities, fixtures, equipment, and mechanical electrical, and other systems and installations. Economic Factors We can say that the economy of the Philippines now is doing well because of its achieved 7.3% economic growth last 2010, that is why the Philippines seeks to attract more foreign investment and enable the long underperforming economy to catch up with its fast-developing Asian neighbors. And this becomes a go od opportunity for Bounty Fresh to invest more in expanding the Chooks to GO stores in the country by putting a store in almost every city of the country. Aside from that it is no lie that Chooks to Go creates more employment having more than 1,100 outlets across the country. Social and Cultural Environment Filipinos were undeniably chicken lover, they crave for chicken, and Chooks to Go answer this cravings by providing Filipino’s a delicious oven roasted chicken na â€Å" masarap kahit walang sauce† There is also no doubt that people nowadays is more conscious with their health. A safe and clean preparation for food is a big factor that’s why Chooks to Go ensures that it provides the customer a safe, clean, guaranteed fresh, and a high standard preparation for chicken. Technological Factor Chooks to Go continuously invest in R and D to innovate its product, aside from roasted chicken they create value added products that are available also in the rotisserie outlet. They used various technologies t o ensure that the products quality will be maintained such as using meat thermometer and timer to ensure that the Chooks to Go chicken will be cooked in such manner that will be loved by many Filipinos. Using warmer to maintain the products hotness, using high end chemicals in cleaning the products used equipment’s.

Dmitri Shostakovich Essay

Dmitri Shostakovich was born on September 25, 1906 in St. Petersburg Russia. He was the 2nd of 3 kids from Sofia Kokalouina (pianist), and Dmitri Boleslavovich Shostrakovich (chemical engineer). Dmitri’s mom, Sofia, taught him how to play the piano at age 9, and Dmitri stood out as a prodigy. When Dmitri turned 13 his parents enrolled him in St. Petersburg Conservatory which is where he began to study piano and composition. In 1925 Dmitri graduated from the St. Petersburg Conservatory, and wrote his 1st classical symphony which he named, â€Å"1st Symphony†, as his graduation piece. After Dmitri graduated from the conservatory, he worked as a concert pianist for money and composed pieces in his spare time. Later, after much work, Dmitri managed to win the honorable mention award at the Warsaw International Piano Competition in 1927. After the contest, composer Bruno Walter very much impressed offered to conduct his â€Å"1st Symphony† in Berlin. In 1927 Dmitri finished his â€Å"2nd Symphony† and started working on his 1st opera which he would name, â€Å"The Nose†. In 1930 he finally finished it and premiered it but it turned out to be a failure. It got poor reviews from people like Dmitri Kabalevsky who criticized his music for political reasons. It was so bad that the opera got banned from Russia. Dmitri was devastated and had a nervous breakdown and later had suicidal thoughts, but was treated. Later on Dmitri met a woman named Nina Varzar and married her in 1932. The marriage went well until 1935 when they divorced over a long period of discussions, but later on they got reunited. World War II broke with Germany in 1941 and Dmitri served as a fire warden for a propaganda poster, but he still found time to write his 7th Symphony. This symphony was very popular and served as a form of inspiration for the Russian army. Feeling accomplished Dmitri wrote his 8th symphony which was very different from his 7th. This piece too turned out to be banned from Russia until 1960. In the mid 1940’s Dmitri wrote his â€Å"Violin Concerto No. 1† and it was a success. And in 1949 he composed â€Å"The Song of the Forests† and making Joseph Stalin (Russia’s dictator during the time) â€Å"the great gardener† it was accepted and liked by the people. After Stalin’s death in 1953 Dmitri composed his 10th symphony which was practically dedicated to him. In 1954 Dmitri’s wife Nina died , and he stayed alone for 2 years until he met Margarita Kainova in 1956 and married her, but divorced in 1959. Later on in 1960 Dmitri joined the Communist Party (something he wanted to do since he was very young) but then regretted it. Then in 1962 he married again to a woman named Irina Supinskaya. The fact that their ages differenced by 29 years didn’t matter to them because they stayed together until Dmitri’s death.

Lit. in the Renaissance essays

Lit. in the Renaissance essays When we look at Renaissance writers in this period, we find their sensitivity to the risk of anachronism far more developed. Petrarch who was the first to formulate the risk with authority and supplied it with the metaphor that his successors would echo. Later in Petrarchs life emperor Charles IV asked him a query concerning the authenticity of two letters purportedly written by Julius Caesar and Nero. Petrarch responded with a furious jeremiad exposing the fraudulence of the two fakes by means of stylistic and historical analysis. The Book of the Courtier at a glace is kind of anachronism that is universal in complex societies. All of us wear and make and build and write, our rituals and styles and folkways, are condemned to anachronism insofar as they and we endure into an estranging future. The things that survive are dated and in the negative implications of that term lays the potentiality for pathos. The drifting of the written word has been a theme of western thought form Plato to Derrida. If culture continues this drifting within certain limits, it will serve as a institutionalize period of writing. If literary texts like buildings and objects are dated, then we can ask whether and how a text deals with its own period. Saul Morson writes a text or genre will be vulnerable to parody ... to the extent that it ignores or claims to transcend its own originating context; parody is most readily invited by an utterance that claims Tran historical authority. This text somehow acknowledges its historicity self-consciously would seem better fitted to survive its potential estrangement that a text that represses history. Writers tend to displace the threat of becoming vestigial to their characters, thus attempting to affirm their control and manifest their awareness. To recognize writers drama of the survivor is to invest ones work with a little more plasticity. To ...

Williams Syndrome in Psychology Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Williams Syndrome in Psychology - Research Paper Example Yet, another similar condition can be compared with Down Syndrome, the Williams Syndrome--also known as William-Beuren Syndrome. Rare in characteristic, this type of syndrome was first recognized in the early 1960’s, where four young samples had been identified with such conditions, as all had presented â€Å"supravalvar aortic stenosis...mental retardation† and similar facial features. By such discovery, the said disorder had been named in honor of one of its founder, Dr. Williams--a cardiologist (Bellugi, Wang, & Jernigan, 1994, p. 3). Other than these initial diagnostic parameters, Williams syndrome is also characterized by hypercalcemia of unknown origin, accompanied by distinct cognitive and behavioral profile (Khan, Calureriu, Huang, & Robin, 2011). At this point, such concepts seemed to be more focused on the pathophysiological context of the said condition, disregarding the psychological elements of William syndrome. In appeal, this group is said to be hypersoci able, where they are into over-friendliness, as they appear to lack the adaptive behavior of covertly following the unwritten social rules common in most societal structures (Udwin, Davies, Howlin, & Stinton, 2007). With such social trait, one can assume that the interpersonal skills generated by individuals with William syndrome are adequate for daily public associations, yet, a number of literatures presented otherwise. The overtly sociable attitude by groups with William Syndrome may be acceptable in society, but their psychological status may not be as stable as most believed. This paper seeks to establish the paradoxical traits that individuals with Williams Syndrome seemed to have; present common psychological features and find patterns among such psychological manifestations. Biological Origins and Clinical Features The etiologic origins and pathological process seemed to be pointed back to genetic deficits. Generally thought of as a neurodevelopmental condition, most experts identified the â€Å"deletion of ~25–30 genes...(which span) about 1.5 megabases in the q11.23 region of chromosome 7† as the exact cause of the William Syndrome (Deutsch, Rosse, & Schartz, 2007, p. 903). Genetic in function, such dysfunction in the genetic level can significantly cause a series of physiological changes upon human anatomic development, especially in organ tissues of the heart. As this is genetic in origin, the defective genetic material is said to have a hereditary feature, where there can be a 50% chance that individuals might pass this DNA product to the next generation. Although random in pattern, studies showed that 1 infant in every 80,000 births can have this syndrome--a highly rare occurrence (â€Å"William Syndrome,† 2011). Like most genetic disorders, people with such condition can easily be distinguished due to their common appearance, where their faces may have an elfin quality, with prominent forehead and eyes, ample cheeks, expansi ve mouth, small nose, and broad earlobes (Semel & Rosner, 2003). In line with this, overall presentation of the condition can be divided into four sections: â€Å"cognitive development, language, auditory function, and visuospatial function† (Khan, Calureriu, Huang, & Robin, 2011). In context, cognition and language functions are quite delayed for their age, with highly sensitive hearing capabilities to auditory stimuli, and a disassociation between what is seen and its normative interpretations. As such, environmental adaptation of these groups is delayed, compared to their normal counterparts. Aside from these clinical symptoms, those with William Syndrome are also plagued with a number of medical disorders, which may range from clinically serious cardiac

Conraceptive use Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Conraceptive use - Essay Example Over a long period these studies have turned to be more thoroughgoing and have enhanced in analytical sophistication and size. This topic has been highly debated and researched and still being studied to find out any association between the mortality and the prolonged use of oral contraceptives. However, according to the study conducted by Colditz (1994), the prolonged utilization of oral contraceptives is found to be unassociated with increased risk of mortality of women. This research results seem to be valid and there is no linkage between the use of oral contraceptives and mortality among females as the study has been conducted for a period of twelve years. Through the design selected, the researcher gathered data for 12 years to follow the impact of oral contraceptives on the health of women. The instrument utilized was questionnaire and the responses collected then were further categorized into groups. The number of participants was 166,755 females between the ages of 30 to 55 years and the data was initially collected in the year 1976 that was followed till 1988. The design chosen seems valid for conducting a study over several years but this design does have certain drawbacks. The first and foremost drawback is that it lacks randomization thus causing imbalances in characteristics of patients. Moreover the recognition of cohorts could be difficult because of the confounding variables. Since a particular sample is selected, the masking or blinding is complicated as in the given case all the respondents were registered nurses of ages between 30 to 55 years. Moreover it is always a time consuming option to perform a cohort research as in the given research it took 12 years to get the research results. However apart from the drawbacks the design provides a chance to match the subjects involved in the cohorts thus limiting the impact of confounding factors. Moreover the outcomes of such study can be standardized and

Environmental And Social Reporting- Rolls Royce Group Essay

Environmental And Social Reporting- Rolls Royce Group - Essay Example The company operates four segments of civil aerospace, defense aerospace, marine and energy. The company’s highest revenue generating segment is the civil aerospace which generates around 50% revenue of the group. The company has shown consistently progressive and strong performance over the years and is one of the market leaders in all sectors in which operates with an annual turnover of  £11,124 million and a profit of  £ 848 million. (ROLLS-ROYCE) CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY: Sustainability reporting provides a chance to the organizations to report information about economic, environmental, social and governance performance to its investors and stakeholders. GRI (Global Reporting Initiatives) provides a framework for the organizations to disclose this information in a much transparent and consistent manner. (GLOBAL REPORTING INITIATIVES) Strategy and Profile: Rolls Royce has committed to serve with new approaches and technologies for sustainable economic growth. It aims to invest for long term, promote innovation and focus on research and development. It sustainability programs are especially designed keeping in mind the environment, its people and the society and communities in which it operates. Its environmental strategy focuses on three areas of reducing the environmental impact of the business activities; further reducing the environmental impact of the products; and developing of new low emission and renewable energy products. Its strategy for its people includes creating a working environment that attracts the best people, enhancing their potential and encouraging them to be involved in the ongoing success of the Group. It intends to serve for the communities in which operates focusing on their development. (ROLLS-ROYCE) Management’s approach and Performance Indicators: Environmental Issues: The company has taken significan t steps in reducing its greenhouse gas emissions. Targets have been made for the reduction and energy consumptions for top 25 energy consumption sites. As a result there has been 5-6% overall reduction in the total GHG emissions. Further the company even invested ?3.5 million for the maintenance and improving projects for sustainable development. It has further put special focus to reduce its environmental footprint in its aviations business by incorporating sustainability in products designs and processes. (ROLLS-ROYCE; LEE. 2000) The company has Environmental Advisory Board who contributes in business strategy and design process. The company is even striving to reduce its environmental footprint created by existing products. For this it has created targets to be achieved for the aviation business for the reduction in CO2 emissions, noise and nitrogen oxide. The company through his core capabilities and experience in nuclear energy also intends to give solutions and address the iss ues zero carbon power generation. (ROLLS-ROYCE) Rolls Royce continues to mark its performance through certifications and third party accreditations like ISO 14001 for its environmental management, its new facility at Seletar received the Green Mark (Platinum) award for having a reduced environmental footprint in construction, retains its Gold status with BitC Index for

Managerial Personality Essay Example for Free

Managerial Personality Essay The characteristics of a person’s personality determine his leadership capabilities. Leaders from around the world all have distinct characteristics which define their leadership style and abilities. In a corporate culture, these personality traits can be capitalized upon to direct an organization towards its goals and to do so requires an in depth understanding of the different styles of personality traits that define every individual. A grasp on this knowledge would allow any leader to have a huge impact on the culture and performance of an organization. An observation to be made is the leveraging of personality traits may be utilized in order to achieve corporate goals. To create a competitive advantage, management’s focus must be on cooperation and inspiration. A clear link exists between culture and performance, as shown by Mindy L. Hall (Hall, 2005.) A leader’s personality shapes the environment in which employees function, and can either inspire extraordinary results, or devastating outcomes. Hostile conditions in the workplace will cause anxiety, stress, lack of energy, disengagement, or high turnover. Subsequently, organizations with these issues experience a lower quality of output. This negatively affects the relationship between consumers and businesses, who may find the competition more appealing. A positive engagement between management and employees excite a higher level of performance. From this, a company experiences higher quality output and satisfied customers. A best way to manage a company doesn’t exist; it must be studied, understood, and honed to best match or shape the organization’s culture. The key issue to choosing the appropriate manager in any organization is appreciating what goals and desires are sought after. This report is focused primarily on management as leaders and employees as subordinates. However, it must be understood that subordinates can also play the role as leader in their own context, and it should be encouraged. For example, a group of four employees are assigned to a project. Among this group will emerge a leader who directs the mission to accomplish said assignment. Although this individual does not possess a management title he or she is still leading. That being stated, an organization must possess a deep understanding of its business culture, and employ these concepts when prospecting for competent employees and management. Furthermore, management can recognize certain personality traits among individuals in a team, and manipulate and combine them in a synergetic way. In general, the comprehension of the various personality traits can be used as a measurement of how an individual may respond and perform in an organization’s culture. However, there is much debate as to the extent to which personality can predict behavior, and the extent to which behavior arises from the dynamics of a given situation (Kendrick, Funder, 1991.) The key issues in a corporate context include the big five personality traits, Maslow’s Hierarchy of needs, attitude, and emotional intelligence. The Big Five Personality Traits General agreement exists among researchers regarding the big five personality traits. This model categorizes personalities into five distinct categories: Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Neuroticism, and Openness. An understanding of these categories often referred to as OCEAN, gives insight to an individual’s underlying personality and how an individual would react in day to day operations of an organization. However, research has shown situational factors play a role in how individuals move between the two extremes of each personality factor. Each factor is a range of two extremes, which most individuals lie somewhere in between. Given this fact, the majority of decisions made by people are representative of their fundamental personality traits. Only when abnormal or extreme situations arise does an individual shift towards the extreme of either end on one or more factors. Managers seeking to create a winning team would do well to not only understand his own personality type, but also individual team member’s personality types. Intimate knowledge of each person among a group will allow for a more harmonious and efficient team effectively utilizing strengths and mitigating weaknesses. Attitude Attitudes of managers and employees contribute greatly to the working environment. An attitude is a collection of beliefs and feelings brought on by life experiences or learned from others, and a positive or negative analysis of one’s environment. Similar attitudes of a leader and a team can create a positive working environment that flows all the way down to the end consumer. Leaders of an organization who commit to reinforcing positive attitudes contribute to a successful business model. Individuals who are satisfied with the work environment make their duties a part of life, and commit skills and knowledge to drive progress of a business. A study conducted by MBA’s and one professor from India, (Tandon, Mishra, Singh, 2011,) explored the relationship between attitude and how an organization perceives its position in society. The study begins by stating that business behavior has both economic and relational impact. Over recent decades there have been significant changes in the social expectation from business and managers. This study found that one’s personal beliefs, values, and attitude drive commitment to social responsibility. In this writing social responsibility can be thought of as organizational commitment or responsibility. The study took a specific look into how spirituality, materialism, relativism, and idealism discriminate between high and low corporate social responsibility (CSR).The study conducted found idealism and spirituality to have a positive influence on CSR, and materialism and relativism had a negative or less of an influence. This implies that managers with more of a concern towards society’s beliefs and values, and less towards material things, will have a greater concern towards creating a positive internal working environment. Moreover, a manager with this attitude may push subordinates towards the same ideals, which create a more efficient environment. In contrast, materialistic and relativistic attitudes contributed negatively towards CSR. This suggests that individuals with these attitude types can create an environment where monetary gain and possession of assets are the only goal, and right and wrong is near irrelevant. This mentality can have a devastating effect on society’s perception of a corporation. Moreover, the connection between working peers can be non-existent, and coordination would lack causing inefficiency. A manager’s attitude can bring about the benefits of a positive working environment by keeping a positive attitude towards a given position in an organization. An attitude based on working towards an end goal, which produces the greatest good for society and a corporation, would be an ideal mentality for any organization. Attitudes contribute to a successful business model because individuals who are satisfied make their duties a part of life, and commit their skills and knowledge to driving the progress and success of the business. Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs is a theory of human motivation based on increasing levels of needs. This theory suggests that human needs are fulfilled one at a time by accomplishing basic needs and proceeding upwards towards advanced needs. Although there is much debate as to the accuracy of these levels research has suggested a correlation between the fulfillment of these needs and happiness. Managers with an understanding of what level individuals in a team are on can manipulate motivation techniques to stimulate productivity and efficiency. Maslow’s hierarchy can be applied to compensation, job design, management techniques, or anything that requires a higher level of motivation. Maslow’s hierarchy is a systematic way of thinking about the different needs employees have at any given point and explains different reactions they may have to similar treatment (Carpenter, Bauer, Erdogan, 2009.) The definition provided implies that each individual perceives needs differently, and managerial techniques in this context must be applied more specifically. For example, two employees receive a raise after a massive project was finished. The first employee is satisfied with the raise because her safety, and subsequently her physiological, needs had been fulfilled. The second employee felt his needs had not been satisfied. His goal in finishing the project was to prove his worthiness as a manager. His intention through his hard work was to climb the corporate ladder. He was looking to fulfill his esteem and self-actualization needs. Physiological needs are satisfied through compensation, since a paycheck allows individuals to find nourishment, shelter, etc. Compensation can satisfy more than one need, however. Safety needs can be satisfied through benefits such as 401K, health plans, or paid time off. In many ways, compensation satisfies both physiological and safety needs. In addition, organizations must take in consideration the physical safety of employees. Managers have a duty to enforce safety precautions where working conditions may be hazardous. When a position requires employees to take physical risk an organization is expected to protect workers from unnecessary harm, and to compensate for the higher risk. When feelings of anxiety are low safety needs have been fulfilled. Social needs can be met through satisfactory social interaction with others in which there is interaction. The goal in satisfying this need is to cause individuals to feel accepted and loved. In a business context there must be a focus on acceptance over love. Creating a friendly environment is a great start to satisfying this need. Company sponsored games, events, holiday parties, and other social activities are great examples of how to socialize a staff. Also, team meetings where the staff can voice their concerns or ideas can allow team members to better understand each other. Esteem needs can be satisfied after one feels she has been accepted into a group. These needs can be fulfilled through recognition. It must be stressed that individuals enjoy being praised for their accomplishments, but praise only works for a limited amount of time. Managers must look to promote individuals with a high need for esteem. A raise in position and pay communicates an achieved status, and reinforces her ability to achieve corporate goals. Esteem needs lead into self-actualization. This need lies on the top of the hierarchical pyramid. Similar to fulfilling esteem needs, self- actualization can be met by giving an employee more responsibility, greater challenges, or more stimulating opportunities. Self-actualization is characterized by an individual having met all previous needs, and is now using his or her full potential and capabilities. Maslow’s hierarchy is important for organizations to apply. Humans are motivated by particular needs according to their current life situations and future goals. Furthermore, individual needs are in accordance with cultural backgrounds such as race, religion, or country of origin. It must also be noted that individuals are not always striving to fulfill the same needs. The needs model must be applied on an individual basis. Managers who realize their needs are being fulfilled can be used as a resource for understanding their subordinates needs, and act accordingly. When an organization applies this model to a workforce there is an increase in job satisfaction and loyalty. Emotional Intelligence Emotional intelligence is the ability to control extreme changes in mood and emotions, and is a characteristic of an effective and competent leader. When a manager cannot control temporary emotions that are brought on by day to day interactions it can bring an entire organizations progress to a halt. Emotions are contagious and create a domino effect. Simply realizing when a certain emotion is present allows one to better handle temporary emotional fluctuations, while containing it as to not affect others. That being said, it is of utmost importance for a manager to possess a deep understanding of his or her own emotions (self-awareness), and how to deal with each. An individual who is self-aware is humble enough to accept constructive criticism and mature enough to address the areas of concern. The impact of hiring individuals with high emotional intelligence is high productivity and retention of high-quality employees. Golnaz Sadri, PhD, defines E.I. as the ability to accurately perceive emotions, access and generate emotions so as to assist thought, to understand emotions and emotional knowledge, and to regulate emotions so as to promote emotional and intellectual growth, (Sadri, 2012.) The ability to accurately perceive emotions allows one to recognize facial and bodily gestures, and interpret their meaning. A manager who has this ability can intercept other’s cues, or tells, that signal irritability. This skill is recognized as constructive when dealing with scenarios such as a team who can’t come to an agreement, a irate client or customer, or when negotiating. For the most part, emotional intelligence is a learned skill, and an indicator of useful experience. Conclusion Manipulating strong personality traits and striving to improve negative personality traits can have a huge impact on a manager’s career, and more broadly can impact a corporation in tremendous ways. Today manager’s has access to information to help them maximize team productivity using psychology. Using psychological strategies to hire the right employees and build teams is the competitive edge companies need in this tough economic climate. REFERENCES Camgoz, S., Karan, M., Ergeneli, A. (2011). Part II Leadership, Social Capital, and Personality: Relationship Between The Big Five Personality and The Financial Performance of Fund Managers. 15, p139 Carpenter, M., Bauer, T., Erdogan, B. (2009). Need-Based Theory of Motivation. In Principles Of Management (10th ed., p14.1) Hall, M. (2005). Shaping Organizational Culture: A Practitioner’s Perspective. 2(1), p1-16 Kendrick, D. T., Funder , D. C. (1991). Situation versus Personality Debate. Retrieved from http://wilderdom.com/personality/L6-3SituationVsPersonality.html McCrae, R., Costa, P. (1995). Domains and Facets: Hierarchal Personality Assessment Using The Revised NEO Personality Inventory. Journal of Personality Assessment, 64(1), p23 Pannapacker, W. (2012, April 15). Screening Out The Introverts. The Chronicle. Sadri, G. (2012). Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Development. 41(3), p536 Tandon, A., Mishra, S., Singh, E. (2011). What Discriminates The Prospective Manager’s Attitude Towards Corporate Social Responsibility? 10(3), p54-60 Whitbourne , S. K. (2010, October 19). The Neuroticism Paradox | Psychology Today.Psychology Today: Health, Help, Happiness. Retrieved from http://www.psychologytoday.com/blog/fulfillment-any-age/201010/the-neuroticis m-paradox Witt, L.A., Andrews, M.C. (2006). The Predisposition to Engage in Interpersonal Deviance at Work. pHR-F2

The High Performance Concrete Construction Essay

The High Performance Concrete Construction Essay Concrete admixtures Construction materials Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction Introduction The High-performance concrete (HPC) is a mixture of many materials usually 5-10. The interaction between these materials is the reason of the various workability cases, and also the different ratios and portions added causes this variability. Testing the concrete is not the best solution for examining the workability properties, The testing process of the concrete need huge number of labor and materials, which is not cheap. There is, therefore, a need to predict the workability of concrete through a simpler, cheaper laboratory approach. Concrete workability is de ¬Ã‚ ned, according to American Concrete Institute (ACI), as the ease of placement of concrete and is usually quanti ¬Ã‚ ed by the result of the slump cone test. Rheological tests on cement paste were used to select the type and dosage of mineral admixtures that improved concrete workability. The conclusions reached based on cement paste tests were validated by concrete slump tests. It was also deemed interesting to compare the fundamental parameters (yield stress and viscosity) measured with a  ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡uid rheometer with the results from two commonly used empirical tests, the minislump and the Marsh cone tests. If a relationship could be established, the empirical tests could be used to design materials for a given yield stress and viscosity or, at the very least, rank different materials base on yield stress or viscosity. The decision to study the in ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡uence of mineral admixtures was dictated by the recent increase in use of mineral admixtures for improved concrete durability. Economics (lower cement requirement) and environmental considerations have also had a role in the growth of mineral admixture usage. The lower cement requir ement also leads to a reduction for carbon dioxide generated by the production of cement, while the use of a mineral admixture utilizes a product that would ordinarily be bound for the land  ¬Ã‚ ll. Thus, there is a double environmental bene ¬Ã‚ t from using mineral admixtures. Chapter 2: Literature review Background Concrete workability characterization Concrete workability cannot necessarily be sacri ¬Ã‚ ced for improved hardened properties, such as durability or strength. Workability is typically quanti ¬Ã‚ ed in the  ¬Ã‚ eld by the result of the slump cone tet. Nevertheless, a survey conducted by the National Ready-Mixed Concrete Association (NRMCA) and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) determined that, for I-IPC, the slump cone value is not representative of the ease of handling HPC in the  ¬Ã‚ eld. It was reported that concrete mixtures with the same slump might not behave the same way during placement. This implies that the slump value does not give enough data to fully characterize concrete  ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ow. In the construction  ¬Ã‚ eld, terms like workability,  ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡owability, and cohesion are used, sometimes interchangeably, to describe the behavior of concrete under  ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ow. The de ¬Ã‚ nitions of these terms are very subjective. Therefore, there is a need for a more  ¬Ã‚ rndamental and quantitative description of concrete  ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ow. Rheological measurements of concentrated suspensions can be used to describe the  ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ow of concrete. Numerous researchers have success ¬Ã‚ rlly used the Bingharn equation. Two parameters de ¬Ã‚ ne the  ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ow: yield stress and plastic viscosity. Yield stress is related to slump, but plastic viscosity is usually ignored because only a few type of instruments exist to measure it. However, the viscosity may be related to properties such as stickiness, p1aceability,pumpability, and  ¬Ã‚ nishability. In addition, segregation could be de ¬Ã‚ ned as the ability of the aggregate to migrate (or sink) in the cement pa ste. This phenomenon is linked to the viscosity of the cement paste and the concrete mixture design. Therefore, methods to predict concrete workability need to take into account more than just the yield stress. What are Admixtures? Admixture is a material or a combination of different materials that are added to the concrete during mixing to enhance a property or more properties of the concrete mix, and providing it with new features that suits the need either if it is made by central batching plants, pre-stressed concrete factories or in-site mixing. Admixtures may enhance the workability, durability or strength of concrete. They can also be used to overcome extreme circumstances such as cold or hot weather w lower water-cement ratio. Admixtures are materials other than the main concrete mix components (water, cement, aggregate) which means that the admixture is added to the mixing water before or during the mixing process to give the concrete the needed properties, taking into consideration that there are some admixtures are added after a certain duration after mixing. Admixtures are divided into 2 types according to origin: chemical admixtures and mineral admixtures. Chemical admixtures They are materials that are found as fine particles or liquid and are added to the concrete to enhance it and give precise properties that are unobtainable in plain concrete mixtures. Usually, admixture quantities are not more than 5% of the mass of cement and are put into the concrete at the period of mixing. Public kinds of admixtures are. Accelerators that increase the speed of the hardening of the concrete. Normal materials utilized are calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and sodium nitrate. However, using chlorides could cause rust in the steel underpinning and it is banned in a some states, so nitrates are recommended. Retarders sluggish the hardening of the concrete and are utilized in colossal or tough dispenses whereas partial setting before the dispense is finished is undesirable. Normal polyol retarders are sugar, sucrose, sodium gluconate, glucose, citric acid, and tartaric acid. Air entrainments makes very small air bubbles inside the concrete during the batching process. It helps in protecting it from the harm made by frequent freezing and defrosting cycles. It also makes better workability, better consistency, less segregation and less bleeding. More than 80% of concrete pavements in the USA are made of air-entrained admixtures. Entrapped air, are huge air voids while entrained air, are very small voids range from 10 to 1000 micrometers. The admixture may be a liquid added during mixing or a powder mixed with the cement. Plasticizers raise the workability of the fresh concrete permitting it be easily placed, without joining efforts. Plasticizers can be utilized to decrease the content of water of concrete as keeping the workability, thats why they are called sometimes water-reducers. This action improves its strength and durability properties. Super plasticizers (Also known as High Range Water Reducers HRWR) They have the ability to reduce the amount of water needed for the concrete by 12-40% of the needed water. They produce concrete with the same workability but with lower water content ratio, they are also used to make highly flowable concrete. HRWR made out of polyether-polycarboxylates have higher efficiency and are used more widely. HRWR are added often in the site because of its low workability period, it increases the time of setting but increases the flowability for a longer period. Concrete that have HRWR in it has higher strength than that predicted by water content ratio, as the water content is not high so the permeability and shrinkage are lowered but the durability is increased. Corrosion inhibitors: rusting of steel reinforcement is a huge problem that encounters the durability of the reinforced concrete structures, from the causesof rusting of steel are the chlorides, they come from many sources like the deicing salts used to melt ice in winter or from sea water or they may come from the admixtures. From the ways of resisting the rust resulting from chloride is the use of corrosion inhibitors admixtures, they are added to the concrete during mixing to protect the steel by delaying the debut of rusting and also decrease the rate of rusting after it starts. They last for many years after the setting of concrete. Mineral admixtures There are inorganic materials having pozzolanic characteristics. These extremely fine-grained materials are added to the concrete mixture to enhance the properties of concrete or as a substitute for the cement, they decrease cost, permeability, enhance the strength and change other concrete characteristics, from the types of mineral admixtures are: Fly ash: A by-product of electrical coal-fired producing plants and can vary according to source; it is utilized to partly substitute the cement. The particles of fly ash are made of spherical glassy particles, its use has started in the USA in the 1930s, tests has proven that concrete can be replaced by one third with fly ash. Experiments made on high strength concrete has shown that its strength levels were up to 100 MPa at age of one year. Air-entrainment admixtures maybe required because of the carbon inside the fly ash. Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBFS or GGBS): is a product of made when the molten iron is put rapidly in water to decrease its temperature, it is crystalline shaped granular product of high adhesion, and so it be work as a substitute for part of the cement, the most favorable ratio is 50% of the cement if there is no salts and 25% if there is. Silica fume: A by-product aims to achieve both high strength and low permeability requirements made out of the creation of silicon and ferrosilicon alloys. Silica fume is compared to fly ash. The size of its particle is smaller by 100 times. This makes a higher ratio between surface and volume and a way faster reaction. Silica fume is utilized to raise the concrete strength and durability, but usually superplastisizers are needed for the workability. High reactivity Metakaolin (HRM): the concrete made using metakaolin has the same strength and durability of the concrete made using silica fume. As silica fume is normally dark gray or black in color, high-reactivity metakaolin is normally brilliant white in color, creating it the favored choice for architectural concrete whereas emergence is important. Types of Admixtures 1. Air entraining admixtures They are liquid chemicals that are added to the concrete during mixing to produce small air bubbles that are called entrained air. The air helps the concrete to resist the damage made by thawing, freezing and deicing salt. In hard concrete, the air enhances workability and decreases the bleeding and the segregation. Air entrainment is not important for the concrete used inside the structures as it is not exposed to either freezing or thawing, It ought to be evaded for concrete flatwork that have a flat troweled finish. In high cement content concretes, entrained will cut strength by 5% for every single 1% of air added; but in low cement content concretes, adding air has less result and could even cause a humble increased strength due to decreased water demand for needed slump. 2. Water reducers Are utilized for two purposes: (1) to decrease the water content in plastic concrete and rise its strength; (2) to attain higher slump without the need of adding water. Water-reducers will usually cut the needed water content of a concrete combination for a given slump. These admixtures disperse the cement particles in concrete and create extra ef ¬Ã‚ cient use of cement. This rises strength or permits the cement content to be decreased as maintaining the alike strength. Water-reducers are utilized to rise slump of concrete lacking adding water and are functional for impelling concrete and in hot meteorological conditions to offset the increased water demand. A little water-reducers could aggravate the rate of slump defeat alongside time. Mid-range water reducers are nowadays usually utilized and they have a larger skill to cut the water content. These admixtures are accepted as they enhance the finishability of concrete  ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡atwork. 3. Retarders Are chemicals that postpone the early hardening of concrete by an hour or more. Retarders are regularly used in hot climatic conditions to counter the quick hardening caused by elevated temperatures. For colossal jobs, or in hot climate, specify concrete alongside retarder to permit extra period for pumping and  ¬Ã‚ nishing. Most retarders additionally work as reducers. 4. Accelerators Reduce the early hardening period of concrete and give higher strength after small period. They do not work as an antifreeze; they decrease the time of the hardening and rate of strength increase, thus the concrete would be stronger to endure damage from cold in chilly weather. Accelerators are additionally utilized in fast trail assembly that needs early removal of forms. Accelerating admixtures consists of two types: chloride and non-chloride based. One of the extra competent and frugal is calcium chloride that is obtainable in fluid or  ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡ake form. For non-reinforced concrete, The CaCl can be utilized to an amount of 2% by the heaviness of the cement due to worries of corrosion of reinforcement instigated by Cl. Pre-stressed concrete and concrete that have aluminum or invigorated metal inside it ought not to have chloride-based materials because of the increased possibility for the rusting of the metal. Non-chloride established accelerators are utilized whereas there is fear of rusting of embedded metals or concrete reinforcement. 5. HIGH RANGE WATER-REDUCERS (HRWR) It is a distinct type of water-reducer. Also known as, super plasticizers, HRWRs decrease the water content of a concrete mix by 12% to 25%. HRWRs are consequently utilized to raise the strength and decrease permeability of concrete by decreasing the water content in the mix; or considerably raise the slump to make  ¬Ã¢â‚¬Å¡owing concrete lacking the addition of any extra water. These admixtures are vital for elevated strength and enhanced concrete mixes that have higher contents of adhesive materials and mixes having silica fume. Beside these kinds of admixtures, there are other materials obtainable for improving concrete characteristics for different types of applications. These products include rust resistors; admixtures that decrease shrinkage, anti-washout admixtures, and admixtures to decrease possibility for alkali aggregate reactivity, admixtures that helps pumping and a collection of colors and products that improves the concrete aesthetics. Fly Ash 1 Production Fly ash is a bi-product resulted from the finely divided residues generated from the combustion of coal electrically in thermal power plants; the dust collection system removes the fly ash, as a fine particulate residue, from the combustion gases before they are discharged into the atmosphere. The particles are finer than cement usually and consist off spherical glassy particles. 2 Properties Permeability The fly ash reacts with the calcium hydroxide chemically during the hydration process forming calcium aluminate and calcium silicate hydrate which decreases the risk of infiltration of calcium hydroxide and the permeability of concrete. The fly ash enhances the permeability of concrete also by decreasing the ratio of water to cement, which decreases the volume of pores. Its spherical shape also enhances the consolidation of concrete which reduces permeability. Use Fly ash has a spherical shape that allows it to create a ball bearing effect in the mix which improves the workability without increasing the water and also helps in increasing the pump-ability by decreasing the friction between the concrete and the pump line. It also increases the concrete pump-ability by increasing its cohesion and making it less subject to segregation. It also increases the gaining of strength of mixes for periods much longer than that of Portland cement only. The most important use of fly ash is that it increases the life cycle expectancy and durability. It also increases the resistance of corrosion of concrete reinforcement. Fly ash is used in concrete by replacing a portion of the Portland cement that may goes up to 30% of the total cement mix.

Law of Nature - Wordsworth Essay -- William Wordsworth

Nature is freedom, it knows no boundaries. Bronislaw Malinowski wrote, "Freedom is a symbol which stands for a sublime and powerful ideal.† The state of nature is a term in political philosophy that describes a circumstance prior to the state and society's establishment. John Locke, whose work influenced the American Declaration of Independence, believes that the state of nature is the state where are individuals are completely equal, natural law regulates, and every human being has the executive power of the natural law. Nature is the very essence of freedom, and freedom is the essence of singularity. An Infinite and Unbound Singularity would require infinite and unbound degrees of freedom. Each individual mind represents an infinite degree of freedom separated by Nothing but its own Perspective. Just as there is Nothing that separates one spatial dimension from the other but the perspective view. The height, weight, and depth of our spatial dimensions are interchangeable, and are only defined by our current point of view. Rotate them by 90 or 180 degrees in any direction and one be...

Individual’s values and the corporate values

Value AlignmentIn the following paragraphs team A will provide a brief analysis in regard to the origins and evolution of values at a personal level and in the workplace. The team will explain throughout the paper how an individual’s values can drive actions and behaviors, and the alignment between values, actions and behaviors. The team will include in the mentioned analysis the degree of alignment between Wal-Mart’s stated values, and the company’s plans, and actions. Last the team will explain the differences, between personal values and Wal-Mart’s values as reflected by Wal-Mart’s plans and actions.Origin and EvolutionAccording to sociologists, values are formed during the early years of a person’s life. One sociologist’s research suggested values are formed during four periods. This sociologist, Morris Massey, believed these values originate at pre-birth and continue to the age of approximately 21. The first period begins at pre-b irth and continues through four years, and is considered the basic programming period. During this time, a child is not capable of differentiating between important and not important information so all experiences are absorbed and values are formed. Subsequently, a person’s first job experience, which is usually at about the age of 16 to 18 years, plays a large role in forming workplace values. Without any previous exposure to workplace ethics, his or her first experiences are absorbed without differentiation (Squidoo, 2010).The second stage is the imprint period that takes place up to the about the age of seven. Children continue to absorb information from experiences. They become aware of their environment and culture from family and people they are exposed to and begin  to store this information.This information is imprinted in their minds and begins to form their values from their experiences, which are reflected later in a person’s individual behaviors and actio ns. Similar to the basic period, a person’s first job experiences are absorbed in his or her mind forming their workplace values and behaviors. For example, if a teenager witnesses a manager skimming money from the cash register without remorse, this memory is imprinted in his or her mind. Unless his or her individual values are in place correctly, the unethical behavior displayed to them at an impressionable stage may be carried into future workplace ethics.The next period of forming values happens between the ages of 13 to 18. Labeled the modeling period, a person begins to mirror or model behaviors of other people. A person’s constant exposure to ethical or unethical behavior during this time is often mimicked. According to the Squidoo (2010) website, â€Å"from Massey’s research he suggests that our major values about life are picked up during this period at about age 10† (How Values Are Formed, para. 6).Further, he infers that world happenings and wh ere a person was at the time is a basis for forming values. With the recent state of the United States’ economy over the past few years, it leaves one to wonder the repercussions to workplace ethics. Individual ethics may improve because people will appreciate their jobs and decide to make better decisions in the workplace. Conversely, people may believe they are trapped in their current position and may make poor ethical decisions.Massey’s last period of developing values is the socialization period, which takes place between the ages of 14 to 21. A person develops relationship and social values during this time, and these values are the formation of a person’s core values that usually stays with him or her throughout his or her life. As a person develops these core values individually, a person may develop his or her core workplace values as well, which may stay for a lifetime. People experience many events up to 21, which are pivotal to shaping their values. As people formed their values, the foundation of how they perform as an individual and in the workplace became aligned. During childhood, for example, parents often tell children to do their best in school.That value is imprinted into their personalities and is carried  into the workplace; those children become adults who do their best at work every day. Throughout the periods suggested by Massey, the experiences form our values and become a compass to our actions, decisions, and behaviors, both personally, and professionally. Wal-Mart’s stated values versus Wal-Mart’s plans and actions The authors’ employer shares some basic values with those of Wal-Mart. The employer values the respect of coworkers, diversity, inclusion, providing exceptional customer service, and offering a variety of quality products for a reasonable price. Wal-Mart focuses on being a diverse organization, providing excellent customer service, and providing a variety of good quality produc ts for a reasonable price as well. The organization also shares the valued of volunteering in the community.The focus of the organization is to make the customers happy, so they continue to come back. The degree of alignment between Wal-Mart’s stated values plans and actions show that the company has balanced the two to some extent. Wal-Mart values its customers, and its number one priority is putting the customer first by offering low prices. Wal-Mart also matches its competitor’s prices for customers. Wal-Mart employees are valued and offered career development so they have the opportunity to move to higher positions within the organization. Most of the employees at each level are treated with respect and receive suitable benefits, but sometimes the company loses sight of its stated values’ therefore, its plans and actions do not always follow suit.DifferencesThe differences between an individual’s values and the corporate values depend on the individua l. Corporations design the strategy to align with the culture’s values. For instance, Wal-Mart’s vision â€Å"to become the world’s largest retailer,† so the company has to reflect the values all the time. Developing one vision helps employees to adhere to the corporate values regardless of the local values. Sam Walton, the founder of Wal-Mart says â€Å"Personal and moral integrity is one of our basic fundamentals and it has to start with each of us.† An example is the use of the whistleblowers form available to employees and customers alike. If an employee is found to be violating the corporate policies, another employee may report the  incident without fear of reprisal.Wal-Mart encourages every employee to use Wal-Mart’s Statement of Ethics, introduces the associates to the types of attitudes and conduct that create an honest, fair, and legal workplace (Wal-Mart, 2010). They learn how to recognize situations that may come up on their jo b that could be a violation of Wal-Mart’s ethics, also what to do if they have any questions or concerns about what is correct and ethical conduct. As an individual, knowing what the company will allow should make the job easier to comply with policy. Clear and concise writing allows very little interpretation on expectations of the company. To conclude, team A as provided the readers with a brief analysis of the basic origins and evolution of values at a personal level and workplace values.Team A also explained how an individual’s values can drive actions and behaviors, along with the alignment between ones values, actions, and behaviors. The team was able to briefly analyze the degree of alignment between Wal-Mart’s stated values and the company’s plans, and actions. Last, the team explained the differences, and the degree of alignment between personal values, and Wal-Mart’s values as the values were reflected by Wal-Mart’s plan, and actio ns.ReferencesSquidoo. (2010). Going For Gold-Goal Setting That Really Works. Retrieved from http://www.squidoo.com/GoForGold-GoalSettingThatWorks http://ethics.walmartstores.com/StatementofEthics/MSGfromCEO.aspx